What is mud fever?
Mud fever, also known as scratches or pastern dermatitis, is a group of diseases of horses causing irritation and dermatitis in the lower limbs of horses. Horses with feathers are often more likely to get mud fever. Mud fever is often caused by a mixture of bacteria, typically Dermatophilus congolensis, and Staphylococcus spp, mud fever can also be caused by fungal organisms (dermatophytes).
Mud fever affects most horses and ponies during winter and early spring. Resulting in painful sores and scabs, which in severe cases can make a horse lame. Mud fever most commonly affects the pastern and heel area but can also affect the upper leg, the belly, and in some cases the neck area (also known as Rain Scald). Non-pigmented skin tends to be more severely affected.
How do you treat it:
It is almost an entire religion, how to deal with mud fever.
Many horses react differently to products so it is pretty much random what works from horse to horse.
However, here are some general advice and resources you can use.
First of all you should always contact your vet and take their advice, of course.
1) Daily wash with disinfecting shampoo. The shampoo I use can be purchased at the pharmacy and is called "Medi scrub". It often takes the worst and treats a little of everything.
2) Then there is "Sebacil", you have to get it by a prescription. It is a sure winner for me, however it is very toxic and I recommend it only used as a last resort.
3) Something that is very popular among Irish Cob/Gypsy Vanner owners are Pigoil, which can be bought in England at http://www.sussexcobs.co.uk/pigoilandsulphur.htm. Pigoil, I have really good experience with. However, it is just a little expensive and inconvenient if you stand in DK and need it right here and now.
4) I have heard ordinary oil can also be used as protection.
5) Organic honey, I have also heard can be used. Honey contains some things that kills a lot of bacteria.
Eliminate predisposing factors
One of the most important factors in successfully treating scratches is moving the horse to a clean and dry environment.
Use paddock and pasture rotation and fences to keep horses from standing in wet and muddy ground for long periods of time.
Keep the horse stall in the barn clean and dry.
Avoid using leg wraps, tack items or devices that could increase moisture retention.